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Résumé du colloque
The grammarians of English have commented extensively on the fact that certain sets of geographical names require a definite article (the Atlantic Ocean, the St. Lawrence River), while others do not (Lake Ontario, Cape Race). In my 1972 book I noted that the shape and extent of the geographical entity itself played a determining role in the use of the article in these cases. In the 1980's there has been much significant work on iconicity in language (e.g., Haiman "The iconicity of grammar," Language 56: 515-40) which shows that much linguistic usage is an iconic reflexion of the reality to be represented, and interesting developments in prototype theory, whereby the concepts of our languages are deemed to be based on prototypical images. Since both of these two new approaches reinforce my original suggestion, the time has come to review the data in terms of prototypes and icons.
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