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Streptomyces clavuligerus is a filamentous bacterium which produces β-lactam compounds including penicillins, cephamycins and clavulanic acid. The biosynthetic pathway leading to penicillin/cephamycin compounds has been elucidated and many of the enzymes have been purified. The genes encoding several of these biosynthetic enzymes have been cloned and sequenced. We have concentrated on the enzyme isopenicillin N synthase (IPNS), and have cloned and sequenced the corresponding gene. Transcriptional studies have localized the IPNS promoter and demonstrated that gene expression does not occur from this promoter in either Escherichia coli or in heterologous Streptomyces sp. The enzyme immediately preceding IPNS in the biosynthetic …
